Early childhood psychology is a discipline that studies the characteristics and patterns of psychological development in children during their early childhood. Early childhood usually refers to the period from birth to six or seven years old, which is a crucial period for life development. During this period, children undergo many important psychological changes and developments, including cognitive, emotional, social, language, physical movements, and more.

The research content of early childhood psychology mainly includes:

1. Cognitive development: Study the development of cognitive abilities such as thinking, memory, perception, and problem-solving in young children, and how to promote these abilities through activities such as games.

2. Emotions and emotional development: Explore how young children experience and express emotions, as well as how they develop initial emotional regulation abilities.

3. Language Development: Study the development of language comprehension and expression abilities in early childhood, as well as how to communicate with people around them through language.

4. Social development: Study how young children establish interpersonal relationships, learn and abide by social rules in interactions with peers and adults, and develop self-awareness and social roles.

5. Motor and Physical Development: Explore the development of gross and fine motor skills in early childhood, and how these skills affect children's physical and mental development.

There are various research methods in early childhood psychology, including observation method, experimental method, interview method, questionnaire survey method, etc. These research methods help scientists understand the psychological needs and growth environment of young children, providing scientific parenting and education guidance for parents and educators. At the same time, the research results of early childhood psychology have also been applied in the fields of kindergarten education practice, early intervention for special children, and family education guidance.